A Devoted Son by Desai [summary, exercise, analysis and original text]

A Devoted Son is a story from class 12 compulsory English. The story ‘A Devoted Son’ has been written by Anita Desai. In this story, the writer’s main concern is to show how parents cherish their ambition towards their children and how a son should fulfill his duty towards the parents. The following notes include summary and exercise of A Devoted Son. This note can also be helpful for analysis of the story ‘A Devoted Son’ written by Anita Desai.
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Characters in the story A Devoted Son Varma: He is the father of Rakesh. He worked at a kerosene dealer’s storage for forty years. He is illiterate. Varma’s father was a vegetable seller. Varma’s wife: She is unnamed in the story. She is the mother of Rakesh. She has her son marry one of her friend’s daughter. Rakesh: He is the son of Varma. He is intelligent. He secures the highest score in one of the final exams. He won a scholarship to study medicine (M.D.) in the USA. He deeply respects and cares for his father even after achieving success. He marries a girl chosen by his mother. Veena: She is Rakesh’s wife. She is the daughter of Rakesh’s mother’s childhood friend. She is fat but pretty. She is uneducated. Children: The number and gender of the children are not mentioned. But the first child is a son. Bhatia: He is one of the neighbors of Varma. He lives on the opposite side of the road. Sometimes, he comes in front of Varma’s gate and chats with Varma.
Setting in A Devoted Son The story takes place in a small yellow house at the end of the road in a colony at the edge of a city in India.
Moral of the story A Devoted Son a) Parents have hopes for their children and the children must fulfill their hopes. b)Parents make huge sacrifices for their children’s happiness c) A person should never bring home his profession.
Short summary of the story A Devoted Son ‘A Devoted Son’ is a realistic story set in a middle-class Indian family in an Indian village. The story shows how parents cherish their ambition towards their children and how a son should fulfill his duty towards the parents.
Complete Summary of A Devoted Son There lived the Varma family at the edge of a city. The family lived in a small yellow house in a colony. Varma, the eldest in the family and father of Rakesh, lived with his wife. Varma was uneducated and used to work at a kerosene dealer’s storage. Rakesh, the son of Varma, had given his finals and was waiting for his results. The result appeared in the newspaper. Rakesh ran to the gate to fetch the paper. Just after he saw the results, he went in front of Varma and bowed down, and touched his father’s feet. Varma asked what his result was. Rakesh replied that he stood first in the country. It was a matter of great pride for the Varma family. Varma organized a big party to celebrate his son’s achievement. Everyone congratulated the family on Rakesh’s success.  Varma told everyone what Rakesh did after getting the results. He proudly said that Rakesh touched his feet. After some time, Rakesh submitted a thesis on a medical degree. He won a scholarship. Later on, he went to the USA and studied there. He worked in a prestigious hospital in the USA. He was praised by his colleagues for his intelligence. He stayed there for some time and returned to India. He returned to the same old yellow house. Even after graduating from the USA, he touched his father’s feet as he entered the house. Rakesh was unmarried till then. Rakesh’s mother was proud because she was warned by her neighbors that Rakesh would marry a foreign girl. Since Rakesh was still unmarried, she chose a girl for him. The girl’s name was Veena. Veena was the daughter of her childhood friend. Veena was fat but pretty. She was uneducated. She was good-natured. So she fit into the family very quickly. As time passed, they had children. Their first child was a son. For a few years, Rakesh worked at a city hospital. He quickly rose to the organization and became the director of the hospital. After some time, he left the hospital to open his clinic. He took his parents in his car to see the clinic for the first time. Soon he became the richest doctor in town.  By the time he opened the clinic, Varma had already retired from his job after 40 years of work. He had grown old and weak. He got sick very often. Unfortunately, Rakesh’s mother died soon after Varma’s retirement. Rakesh started taking care of his father. Sometimes Varma slept all stiff and made everyone believe he was dead. But right after that he got up and shocked everyone. Rakesh brought Varma his morning tea in his favorite brass tumbler every day. He read out the news for Varma. He persuaded Varma to come out of his room to take the evening air. On summer nights he ordered his servants to carry out his bed in the garden to have a night under the stars. Rakesh realized that his father’s health was deteriorating. So, Rakesh made a strict diet plan for his father. He slowly banned everything Varma liked to eat. Rakesh allowed him just to eat dry bread, boiled vegetables, boiled lentils, and meat. Rakesh banned the food Varma liked saying that it wasn’t good for his health. Once Varma tried to bribe his grandchildren to buy sweets. Soon Rakesh caught his son bringing sweets. Rakesh was angry with his father. He said controlling his diet is very important for his health. Varma was disappointed with his son. Varma got even sicker. Varma only ate plain food and medicine provided by Rakesh. The only thing that pleased Varma was conversations with his neighbor Mr. Bhatia. Day by day Varma grew weaker. Rakesh forced Varma to take medicines. Since Varma had stopped eating enough food, he was surviving just with medicine. Varma didn’t like his son and his strict behavior toward him. Now, Varma wished to die because he felt that he was overcontrolled. He was in constant pain. One day, after returning from his clinic, Rakesh brought Varma a new medicine. Rakesh insisted his father take the medicine. Varma was angry at Rakesh because he wasn’t able to understand his wishes. Instead, he just fed Verma medicines. Varma refused to take medicines and pushed himself off the bed.
About the writer Anita Desai Anita Desai, original name Anita Mazumdar, (b. 1937- ) is an Indian novelist, short story writer and the writer of children’s books. As a biracial child born to a German mother and Indian father, Desai was exposed to German, Hindi and English language from her childhood. After completing her B. A. from University of Delhi, Desai began to publish her stories and novels. Her novels Cry, The Peacock (1963) Where Shall We Go this Summer (1975), Fire on the Mountain (1977), Clear Light of the Day (1980), In Custody (1984) Baumgartner’s Bombay (1988), Journey to Ithaca (1995), Feasting, Feasting (1999) and Zigzag Way (2004) received mixed response from the readers. She received Shahitya Academy Award for her novel Fire on the Mountain. Her novel In Custody was adapted into a film in 1993. She published several volumes of short stories including Games at Twilight and Other Stories (1978), Diamond Dust and Other Stories (2000). Two of her Children’s Books The Village and the Sea (1982) and The Artist of Disappearance (2011) became popular among Indian children. ‘The Devoted Son’ is extracted from her collection of stories, The Complete Short Stories.
Before reading Answer the following questions. a. Will you be ready to sacrifice your career, status, and economic opportunities for the good of your parents? Why or why not? b. In your view, what are the qualities of a devoted son/daughter?
A Devoted Son [Original Text] When the results appeared in the morning papers, Rakesh scanned them barefoot and in his pajamas, at the garden gate, then went up the steps to the verandah where his father sat sipping his morning tea and bowed down to touch his feet. “A first division, son?” his father asked, beaming, reaching for the papers. “At the top of the list, papa,” Rakesh murmured, as if awed. “First in the country.” Bedlam broke loose then. The family whooped and danced. The whole day long visitors streamed into the small yellow house at the end of the road to congratulate the parents of this Wunderkind, to slap Rakesh on the back and fill the house and garden with the sounds and colors of a festival. There were garlands and halwa, party clothes and gifts (enough fountain pens to last years, even a watch or two), nerves and temper and joy, all in a multicolored whirl of pride and great shining vistas newly opened: Rakesh was the first son in the family to receive an education, so much had been sacrificed in order to send him to school and then medical college, and at last the fruits of their sacrifice had arrived, golden and glorious. To everyone who came to him to say “Mubarak, Varmaji, your son has brought you glory,” the father said, “Yes, and do you know what is the first thing he did when he saw the results this morning? He came and touched my feet. He bowed down and touched my feet.” This moved many of the women in the crowd so much that they were seen to raise the ends of their saris and dab at their tears while the men reached out for the betel-leaves and sweetmeats that were offered around on trays and shook their heads in wonder and approval of such exemplary filial behavior. “One does not often see such behavior in sons anymore,” they all agreed, a little enviously perhaps. Leaving the house, some of the women said, sniffing, “At least on such an occasion they might have served pure ghee sweets,” and some of the men said, “Don’t you think old Varma was giving himself airs? He needn’t think we don’t remember that he comes from the vegetable market himself, his father used to sell vegetables, and he has never seen the inside of a school.” But there was more envy than rancor in their voices and it was, of course, inevitable—not every son in that shabby little colony at the edge of the city was destined to shine as Rakesh shone, and who knew that better than the parents themselves? And that was only the beginning, the first step in a great, sweeping ascent to the radiant heights of fame and fortune. The thesis he wrote for his M.D. brought Rakesh still greater glory, if only in select medical circles. He won a scholarship. He went to the USA (that was what his father learnt to call it and taught the whole family to say—not America, which was what the ignorant neighbors called it, but, with a grand familiarity, “the USA”) where he pursued his career in the most prestigious of all hospitals and won encomiums from his American colleagues which were relayed to his admiring and glowing family. What was more, he came back, he actually returned to that small yellow house in the once-new but increasingly shabby colony, right at the end of the road where the rubbish vans tipped out their stinking contents for pigs to nose in and rag-pickers to build their shacks on, all steaming and smoking just outside the neat wire fences and well-tended gardens. To this Rakesh returned and the first thing he did on entering the house was to slip out of the embraces of his sisters and brothers and bow down and touch his father’s feet. As for his mother, she gloated chiefly over the strange fact that he had not married in America, had not brought home a foreign wife as all her neighbors had warned her he would, for wasn’t that what all Indian boys went abroad for? Instead he agreed, almost without argument, to marry a girl she had picked out for him in her own village, the daughter of a childhood friend, a plump and uneducated girl, it was true, but so old- fashioned, so placid, so complaisant that she slipped into the household and settled in like a charm, seemingly too lazy and too good-natured to even try and make Rakesh leave home and set up independently, as any other girl might have done. What was more, she was pretty—really pretty, in a plump, pudding way that only gave way to fat—soft, spreading fat, like warm wax—after the birth of their first baby, a son, and then what did it matter? For some years Rakesh worked in the city hospital, quickly rising to the top of the administrative organization, and was made a director before he left to set up his own clinic. He took his parents in his car—a new, sky-blue Ambassador with a rear window full of stickers and charms revolving on strings—to see the clinic when it was built, and the large sign-board over the door on which his name was printed in letters of red, with a row of degrees and qualifications to follow it like so many little black slaves of the regent. Thereafter his fame seemed to grow just a little dimmer—or maybe it was only that everyone in town had grown accustomed to it at last—but it was also the beginning of his fortune for he now became known not only as the best but also the richest doctor in town. However, all this was not accomplished in the wink of an eye. Naturally not. It was the achievement of a lifetime and it took up Rakesh’s whole life. At the time he set up his clinic his father had grown into an old man and retired from his post at the kerosene dealer’s depot at which he had worked for forty years, and his mother died soon after, giving up the ghost with a sigh that sounded positively happy,  for it was her own  son who ministered to her in her last illness and who sat pressing her feet at the last moment—such a son as few women had borne. For it had to be admitted—and the most unsuccessful and most rancorous of neighbors eventually did so—that Rakesh was not only a devoted son and a miraculously good- natured man who contrived somehow to obey his parents and humor his wife and show concern equally for his children and his patients, but there was actually a brain inside this beautifully polished and formed body of good manners and kind nature and, in between ministering to his family and playing host to many friends and coaxing them all into feeling happy and grateful and content, he had actually trained his hands as well and emerged an excellent doctor, a really fine surgeon. How one man—and a man born to illiterate parents, his father having worked for a kerosene dealer and his mother having spent her life in a kitchen—had achieved, combined and conducted such a medley of virtues, no one could fathom , but all acknowledged his talent and skill. It was a strange fact, however, that talent and skill, if displayed for too long, cease to dazzle. It came to pass that the most admiring of all eyes eventually faded and no longer blinked at his glory. Having retired from work and having lost his wife, the old father very quickly went to pieces, as they say. He developed so many complaints and fell ill so frequently and with such mysterious diseases that even his son could no longer make out when it was something of significance and when it was merely a peevish whim. He sat huddled on his string bed most of the day and developed an exasperating habit of stretching out suddenly and lying absolutely still, allowing the whole family to fly around him in a flap, wailing and weeping, and then suddenly sitting up, stiff and gaunt, and spitting out a big gob of betel-juice as if to mock their behavior. He did this once too often: there had been a big party in the house, a birthday party for the youngest son, and the celebrations had to be suddenly hushed, covered up and hustled out of the way when the daughter-in-law discovered, or thought she discovered, that the old man, stretched out from end to end of his string bed, had lost his pulse; the party broke up, dissolved, even turned into a band of mourners, when the old man sat up and the distraught daughter-in-law received a gob of red spittle right on the hem  of her organza sari. After that no one much cared if he sat up cross-legged on his bed, hawking and spitting, or lay down flat and turned gray as a corpse. Except, of course, for that pearl amongst pearls, his son Rakesh. It was Rakesh who brought him his morning tea, not in one of the china cups from which the rest of the family drank, but in the old man’s favorite brass tumbler, and sat at the edge of his bed, comfortable and relaxed with the string of his pajamas dangling out from under his fine lawn night-shirt, and discussed or, rather, read out the morning news to his father. It made no difference to him that his father made no response apart from spitting. It was Rakesh, too, who, on returning from the clinic in the evening, persuaded the old man to come out of his room, as bare and desolate as a cell, and take the evening air out in the garden, beautifully arranging the pillows and bolsters on the divan in the corner of the open verandah. On summer nights he saw to it that the servants carried out the old man’s bed onto the lawn and himself helped his father down the steps and onto the bed, soothing him and settling him down for a night under the stars. All this was very gratifying for the old man. What was not so gratifying was that he even undertook to supervise his father’s diet. One day when the father was really sick, having ordered his daughter-in-law to make him a dish of soojiehalwa and eaten it with a saucerful of cream, Rakesh marched into the room, not with his usual respectful step but with the confident and rather contemptuous stride of the famous doctor, and declared, “No more halwa for you, papa. We must be sensible, at your age. If you must have something sweet, Veena will cook you a little kheer, that’s light, just a little rice and milk. But nothing fried, nothing rich. We can’t have this happening again.”  The old man who had been lying stretched out on his bed, weak and feeble after a day’s illness, gave a start at the very sound, the tone of these words. He opened his eyes— rather, they fell open with shock—and he stared at his son with disbelief that darkened quickly to reproach. A son who actually refused his father the food he craved? No,   it was unheard of, it was incredible. But Rakesh had turned his back to him and was cleaning up the litter of bottles and packets on the medicine shelf and did not notice while Veena slipped silently out of the room with a little smirk that only the old man saw, and hated. Halwa was only the first item to be crossed off the old man’s diet. One delicacy after the other went—everything fried to begin with, then everything sweet, and eventually everything, everything that the old man enjoyed. The meals that arrived for him on the shining stainless steel tray twice a day were frugal to say the least—dry bread, boiled lentils, boiled vegetables and, if there were a bit of chicken or fish, that was boiled too. If he called for another helping—in a cracked voice that quavered theatrically—Rakesh himself would come to the door, gaze at him sadly and shake his head, saying, “Now, papa, we must be careful, we can’t risk another illness, you know,” and although the daughter-in-law kept tactfully out of the way, the old man could just see her smirk sliding merrily through the air. He tried to bribe his grandchildren into buying him sweets (and how he missed his wife now, that generous, indulgent and illiterate cook), whispering, “Here’s fifty paisa,” as he stuffed the coins into a tight, hot fist. “Run down to the shop at the crossroads and buy me thirty paisa worth of jalebis, and you can spend the remaining twenty paisa on yourself. Eh? Understand? Will you do that?” He got away with it once or twice but then was found out, the conspirator was scolded by his father and smacked by his mother and Rakesh came storming into the room, almost tearing his hair as he shouted through compressed lips, “Now papa, are you trying to turn my little son into a liar? Quite apart from spoiling your own stomach, you are spoiling him as well—you are encouraging him to lie to his own parents. You should have heard the lies he told his mother when she saw him bringing back those jalebis wrapped up in filthy newspaper. I don’t allow anyone in my house to buy sweets in the bazaar, papa, surely you know that. There’s cholera in the city, typhoid, gastroenteritis—I see these cases daily in the hospital, how can I allow my own family to run such risks?” The old man sighed and lay down in the corpse position. But that worried no one any longer. There was only one pleasure left in the old man now (his son’s early morning visits and readings from the newspaper could no longer be called that) and those were visits from elderly neighbors. These were not frequent as his contemporaries were mostly as decrepit and helpless as he and few could walk the length of the road to visit him anymore. Old Bhatia, next door, however, who was still spry enough to refuse, adamantly, to bathe in the tiled bathroom indoors and to insist on carrying out his brass mug and towel, in all seasons and usually at impossible hours, into the yard and bathe noisily under the garden tap, would look over the hedge to see if Varma were out on his verandah and would call to him and talk while he wrapped his dhoti about him and dried the sparse hair on his head, shivering with enjoyable exaggeration. Of course these conversations, bawled across the hedge by two rather deaf old men conscious of having their entire households overhearing them, were not very satisfactory but Bhatia occasionally came out of his yard, walked down the bit of road and came in at Varma’s gate to collapse onto the stone plinth built under the temple tree. If Rakesh was at home he would help his father down the steps into the garden and arrange him on his night bed under the tree and leave the two old men to chew betel-leaves and discuss the ills of their individual bodies with combined passion. “At least you have a doctor in the house to look after you,” sighed Bhatia, having vividly described his martyrdom to piles. “Look after me?” cried Varma, his voice cracking like an ancient clay jar. “He—he does not even give me enough to eat.” “What?” said Bhatia, the white hairs in his ears twitching. “Doesn’t give you enough to eat? Your own son?” “My own son. If I ask him for one more piece of bread, he says no, papa, I weighed out the ata myself and I can’t allow you to have more than two hundred grams of cereal  a day. He weighs the food he gives me, Bhatia—he has scales to weigh it on. That is what it has come to.” “Never,” murmured Bhatia in disbelief. “Is it possible, even in this evil age, for a son to refuse his father food?” “Let me tell you,” Varma whispered eagerly. “Today the family was having fried fish—I could smell it. I called to my daughter-in-law to bring me a piece. She came to the door and said no. ” “Said no?” It was Bhatia’s voice that cracked. A drongo shot out of the tree and sped away. “No?” “No, she said no, Rakesh has ordered her to give me nothing fried. No butter, he says, no oil. ” “No butter? No oil? How does he expect his father to live?” Old Varma nodded with melancholy triumph. “That is how he treats me—after I have brought him up, given him an education, made him a great doctor. Great doctor! This is the way great doctors treat their fathers, Bhatia,” for the son’s sterling personality and character now underwent a curious sea change. Outwardly all might be the same but the interpretation had altered: his masterly efficiency was nothing but cold heartlessness, his authority was only tyranny in disguise. There was cold comfort in complaining to neighbors and, on such a miserable diet, Varma found himself slipping, weakening and soon becoming a genuinely sick man. Powders and pills and mixtures were not only brought in when dealing with a crisis like an upset stomach but became a regular part of his diet—became his diet, complained Varma, supplanting the natural foods he craved. There were pills to regulate his bowel movements, pills to bring down his blood pressure, pills to deal with his arthritis and, eventually, pills to keep his heart beating. In between there were panicky rushes to the hospital, some humiliating experience with the stomach pump and enema, which left him frightened and helpless. He cried easily, shriveling up on his bed, but if he complained of a pain or even a vague, gray fear in the night, Rakesh would simply open another bottle of pills and force him to take one. “I have my duty to you papa,” he said when his father begged to be let off. “Let me be,” Varma begged, turning his face away from the pills on the outstretched hand. “Let me die. It would be better. I do not want to live only to eat your medicines.” “Papa, be reasonable.” “I leave that to you,” the father cried with sudden spirit. “Leave me alone, let me die now, I cannot live like this.” “Lying all day on his pillows, fed every few hours by his daughter-in-law’s own hand, visited by every member of his family daily—and then he says he does not want to live ‘like this,’” Rakesh was heard to say, laughing, to someone outside the door. “Deprived of food,” screamed the old man on the bed, “his wishes ignored, taunted by his daughter-in-law, laughed at by his grandchildren—that is how I live.” But he was very old and weak and all anyone heard was an incoherent croak, some expressive grunts and cries of genuine pain. Only once, when old Bhatia had come to see him and they sat together under the temple tree, they heard him cry, “God is calling me—and they won’t let me go.” The quantities of vitamins and tonics he was made to take were not altogether useless. They kept him alive and even gave him a kind of strength that made him hang on long after he ceased to wish to hang on. It was as though he were straining at a rope, trying to break it, and it would not break, it was still strong. He only hurt himself, trying. In the evening, that summer, the servants would come into his cell, grip his bed, one at each end, and carry it out to the verandah, there sitting it down with a thump that jarred every tooth in his head. In answer to his agonized complaints, they said the doctor sahib had told them he must take the evening air and the evening air they would make him take—thump. Then Veena, that smiling, hypocritical pudding in a rustling sari, would appear and pile up the pillows under his head till he was propped up stiffly into a sitting position that made his head swim and his back-ache. “Let me lie down,” he begged. “I can’t sit up any more.” “Try, papa, Rakesh said you can if you try,” she said, and drifted away to the other end of the verandah where her transistor radio vibrated to the lovesick tunes from the cinema that she listened to all day. So there he sat, like some stiff corpse, terrified, gazing out on the lawn where his grandsons played cricket, in danger of getting one of their hard-spun balls in his eye, and at the gate that opened onto the dusty and rubbish-heaped lane but still bore, proudly, a newly touched-up signboard that bore his son’s name and qualifications, his own name having vanished from the gate long ago. At last the sky-blue Ambassador arrived, the cricket game broke up in haste, the car drove in smartly and the doctor, the great doctor, all in white, stepped out. Someone ran up to take his bag from him, others to escort him up the steps. “Will you have tea?” his wife called, turning down the transistor set. “Or a Coca-Cola? Shall I fry you some samosas?” But he did not reply or even glance in her direction. Ever a devoted son, he went first to the corner where his father sat gazing, stricken, at some undefined spot in the dusty yellow air that swam before him. He did not turn his head to look at his son. But he stopped gobbling air with his uncontrolled lips and set his jaw as hard as a sick and very old man could set it. “Papa,” his son said, tenderly, sitting down on the edge of the bed and reaching out to press his feet. Old Varma tucked his feet under him, out of the way, and continued to gaze stubbornly into the yellow air of the summer evening. Papa, I’m home.” Varma’s hand jerked suddenly, in a sharp, derisive movement, but he did not speak. “How are you feeling, papa?” Then Varma turned and looked at his son. His face was so out of control and all in pieces, that the multitude of expressions that crossed it could not make up a whole and convey to the famous man exactly what his father thought of him, his skill, his art. “I’m dying,” he croaked. “Let me die, I tell you.” “Papa, you’re joking,” his son smiled at him, lovingly. “I’ve brought you a new tonic to make you feel better. You must take it, it will make you feel stronger again. Here it is. Promise me you will take it regularly, papa.” Varma’s mouth worked as hard as though he still had a gob of betel in it (his supply of betel had been cut off years ago). Then he spat out some words, as sharp and bitter as poison, into his son’s face. “Keep your tonic—I want none—I want none—I won’t take any more of—of your medicines. None. Never,” and he swept the bottle out of his son’s hand with a wave of his own, suddenly grand, suddenly effective. His son jumped, for the bottle was smashed and thick brown syrup had splashed up, staining his white trousers. His wife let out a cry and came running. All around the old man was hubbub once again, noise, attention. He gave one push to the pillows at his back and dislodged them so he could sink down on his back, quite flat again. He closed his eyes and pointed his chin at the ceiling, like some dire prophet, groaning, “God is calling me—now let me go.”
Glossary  [word meaning]
wunderkind (n.) :	a person who achieves great success when relatively young
sweetmeat (n.):	a small piece of sweet food, made of or covered in sugar
encomiums (n.):	a piece of writing that praises someone or something highly
desolate (adj.):	feeling or showing great unhappiness or loneliness
delicacy (n.):	fine food item
frugal (adj.):	simple and plain and costing little
gastroenteritis (n.):	a disease triggered by the infection and inflammation of the digestive system
supplant (v.):	Replace
hypocritical (adj.):	characterized by behavior that contradicts what one claims to believe or feel
Ambassador (n.):	an automobile manufactured by Hindustan Motors of India, in production from 1958
hubbub (n.):	a loud confusing noise
prophet (n.):	a person regarded as an inspired teacher
Question answer [A Devoted Son] Answer the following questions. a. How did the morning papers bring ambiance of celebration in the Varma family? b. How did the community celebrate Rakesh’s success? c. Why was Rakesh’s success a special matter of discussion in the neighbourhood? d. How does the author make fun with the words ‘America’ and ‘the USA’? e. How does the author characterize Rakesh’s wife? f. Describe how Rakesh rises in his career. g. How does the author describe Rakesh’s family background? h. What is the impact of Rakesh’s mother’s death on his father? i. What did Rakesh do to make his father’s old age more comfortable? j. Why did the old man try to bribe his grandchildren? k. Are Mr. Varma’s complaints about his diets reasonable? How?
Reference to the context a. How did Varma couple make sacrifices for their son’s higher education? b. Mr. Varma suffers from diseases one after another after his wife’s death. Would he have enjoyed better health if she had not died before him? Give reasons. c. Dr. Rakesh is divided between a doctor and a son. As a son, he loves his father and worries about his weakening health but as a doctor he is strict on his father’s diet and medicine. In your view, what else could Rakesh have done to make his father’s final years more comfortable? d. What does the story say about the relationship between grandfather and grand children? e. Do you call Rakesh a devoted son? Give reasons.
Reference beyond the text a. Write an essay on The Parents’ Ambition for their Children in Nepali Society. You must give at least five examples. b. Medicines replace our diets in the old age. What can be done to make old age less dependent on medicine? c. Write an essay on “Care of Elderly Citizens” in about 300 words.